Course Descriptions
PSCI 6606 : POLITICAL
THEORY OF JUSTICE
- COURSE DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVE
Since early political writings, justice has been considered
by most political thinkers to be the most important principle of order. But apart from the
general agreement on the importance of justice for social and political organization,
political writers are divided over the source, the nature, and the scope of justice. The
main purpose of this course is, therefore, to explore the meaning of justice, and identify
the fundamental principles which form the foundation of a just order.
While various conceptions of justice will be explored, the
conception of justice that will be pursued in this course relates justice to a set of
principles rooted in a universal law that transcends all positive laws and legitimize
their application. It will be further argued that the closest thing that approximate a
notion of justice based on a universaltranscendental Law in modern political thought
is the idea of human rights.
While the idea of human rights has already been
articulated, enshrined in the Universal Bill of Rights, and adopted by almost all U.N.
members, the international political order is still far from experiencing global justice.
We will examine, therefore, some of the reasons behind the gap between the rhetoric of
universal human rights and actual partices more particularly between the ethos of
justice and the exercise of power.
Discussion materials selected for this course are grouped
into five districtthough interrelated themes:
- Political Theories of Justice.
- Criteria of Justice : Formal vs. Distributive.
- Justice as Right.
- Islam and Human Rights.
- Global Justice and International Morality.
I. COURSE READINGS
Assigned reading for the course will be drawn from a course
packet consisting of selected articles and chapters. The course packet will be made
available to students for duplication. Details on how to obtain a copy of the course
packet will be discussed in class.
II. STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Student should study assigned readings prior to
coming to class, and should be prepared to discuss assigned materials for scheduled
topics.
2. As particular topics are addressed, selected class
members will also be asked to function as "rapporteurs" reviewing assigned
reading and discussing them in class.
TERM PAPERS
Each student is required to write and submit a term paper
on a topic selected in consultation with me. Papers are to be 20 to 25 double-spaced
typewritten pages in length. Additional information on topics will be given subsequently.
Upon the completion and submission of the papers, students
will be scheduled to present and discuss their term papers in class. The grading of the
term papers will depend heavily on the outcome of presentation and discussion. Paper
proposals are due on October 24, while the papers themselves are due on December 19, 1998.
COURSE GRADING
Quality of ongoing participation, including written reviews
of assigned readings (20%)
Written papers on approved topics (30%).
Written Proposal, presentation and discussion of research
paper (10%).
Final Examination (40%).
- SCHEDULE OF CLASSES AND ASSIGNED READINGS
General Introduction
- Political Theories of Justice.
- Encylopedia of Philosophy (McMillan, 1991), Vol. 4, pp.
298-302.
- Alasdair MacIntyre, Whose Justice? Which Rationality?,
pp. 1-11.
- William Ebenstein, "Great Political Thinkers: Plato to
the Present" 4th ed. "Plato : Republic" pp. 14-39,
"Aristotle: Politics" pp. 77-109, "St. Thomas Aquinas : II Summa
Theologica", pp. 233-241.
- Henry Paolucci and Dino Bigongiari, The Political
Writings of St. Augustine, chap. I, pp. 1-43.
- Hans Reiss, Kant Political Writings, pp. 131-175.
- Mark Goldie (ed.) Two Treatises of Government, pp.
115-117, 178-197.
- Criteria of Justice : Formal vs. Distributive
- Gregory Vlastos, "Justice and Equality" in Jeremy
Waldron (ed.) Theories of Rights, pp. 41-76.
- John Rawls, "A Theory of Justice" in John Aarthur
and William H. Shaw (eds.), Social and Political Philosophy, pp. 542-562.
- John Rawls, "Political Liberalism", pp. 3-46.
- Robert Nozick, "Rights and the Entitlement
Theory." pp. 209-222, in John Arthur and William A. Shaw (eds.), Social &
Political Philosophy.
- Justice as Rights
- Jack Donnelly, The Concept of Human Rights (1985), pp
1-67.
- Ronald Dworkin, Taking Rights Seriously (1977), pp.
150-205.
- Susan Mendus, "Human Rights in Political Theory" .
pp.10-24. Fred Halliday, "Relativism and Universalism in Human Rights: The Case of
the Islamic Middle East" in David Beetham (ed.), Politics and Human Rights (1995),
pp. 152-167.
- Rhoda E. Howard and Jack Donnelly, "Human Dignity,
Human Rights, and Political Regimes" in Jack Donnelly, Universal Human Rights in
Theory and Practice, pp. 66-124,.
- Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na im (ed.), "Human Rights in
Cross-Cultural Perspectives : A Quest for Consensus" (1992), pp. 21-64, 133-161.
- Islam and Human Rights
- Sheikh Showkat Husain, "Human Rights in Islam
Principles and Precedents" in Tahir Mahmood (ed.) Human Rights in Islamic Law,
pp. 84-117.
- Abul Ala Maududi, "Human Rights, the West and
Islam" in Tahir Mahmood (ed.) Human Rights in Islamic Law (1993), pp. 1-12
& pp. 161-1 74
- Roger Garaudy, "Human Rights and Islam: Foundation,
Tradition, Violation" in Hans Kung and Jurgen Moltmann (ed.) The Ethics of World
Religions and Human Rights, pp. 46-59.
- Ann Elizabeth Mayer, Islam and Human Rights: Tradition
and Politics (2nd Edition), Chap.1, pp. 1-18; Chap.4, 61-78; Chap.5, pp.
79-92, Chap.8, 141-161.
- Muslim Voices in the Human Rights Debate, Human Rights
Quarterly 17.4 (1995) 587-617, The Johns Hopkins University Press (1996).
- Global Justice and International Morality
- Kai Nielsen, "Global Justice, Capitalism and the Third
World" in Robin Attfield and Barry Wilkins (ed.) International Justice and the
Third World: Studies in the Philosophy of Development. (1992), pp. 17-33,.
- Charles W. Kegley, Jr., "The New Global Order: The
Power of Principle in a Pluralistic World", in Joel H. Rosenthal (ed.) Ethics
& International Affairs: A Reader (1995), pp. 114-134.
- John Irving (translated), (1995) "Ethics and
International Politics" by Luigi Bonanate, pp. 6-19, 102-124.
- Jack Donnelly, "Twentieth-Century Realism", in
Terry Nardin and David R. Mapel (ed.), Traditions of International Ethics (1992)
pp. 85-104.
- Joseph Boyle, "Natural Law and International
Ethics" in Terry Nardin and David R. Mapel (ed.), Traditions of International
Ethics (1992) ", pp. 112-128.
- Thomas Donaldson, "Kants Global
Rationalism", in Terry Nardin and David R. Mapel (ed.), Traditions of
International Ethics (1992) pp. 136-150.
- R. J. Vincent, "The Idea of Rights in international
Ethics" in Terry Nardin and David R. Mapel (ed.), Traditions of International
Ethics (1992) " pp. 250-266.
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